- The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 was enacted to:
A. Regulate industries only
B. Protect and improve environment
C. Control forests only
D. Regulate water pollution
Answer: B
Case: M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (Oleum Gas Leak Case)
Basis for strengthening environmental protection framework post-Bhopal Gas Tragedy.
2. Under the Environment Protection Act, Environment includes:
A. Air and water only
B. Air, water, land, and their interrelationship
C. Land only
D. Wildlife only
Answer: B
3. Under the Environment Protection Act, an environmental pollutant is:
A. Any substance present in excess
B. Any harmful solid substance only
C. Only chemical waste
D. Only industrial waste
Answer: A
4. Under the Environment Protection act, the Central Government can:
A. Only advise States
B. Take measures to protect environment
C. Only impose fines
D. Only issue notifications
Answer: B
Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum v. Union of India
Recognised precautionary principle.
5 . Under the Environment Protection Act, the Central Government can:
A. Only inspect industries
B. Issue binding directions
C. Only prosecute
D. Only recommend action
Answer: B
7. Under the Environement Protection Act, the Government can order closure of industry
A. Section 3
B. Section 5
C. Section 10
D. Section 15
Answer: B
8. Who sets environmental standards, under the Environment Protection Act ?
A. Judiciary
B. Parliament
C. Central Government
D. State Government
Answer: C
9. Handling hazardous substances must follow:
A. Personal choice
B. Prescribed procedures
C. Industry rules
D. State laws only
Answer: B
10. Under the Environment Protection Act, the Authorities can:
A. Enter premises
B. Inspect equipment
C. Examine records
D. All
Answer: D
11. Under the Environment Protection Act, the Samples can be taken for:
A. Personal use
B. Evidence
C. Media
D. Reporting
Answer: B
12. Punishment under Environment Protection Act includes:
A. Fine only
B. Imprisonment only
C. Both
D. Warning
Answer: C
13. If violation continues under Environment Protection act, then the Authority will the :
A. No punishment
B. Increased penalty
C. Case dismissed
D. Only warning
Answer: B
14. Who is liable in case of offences by Company under the Environment Protection Act?
A. Company only
B. Directors only
C. Both company and responsible persons
D. Government
Answer: C
15. In case of Offence by Government Department, the Liability falls on:
A. Minister
B. Head of Department
C. Clerk
D. Judiciary
Answer: B
16. Who can file a Complaint under the Environment Protection Act:
A. Any person after notice
B. Police only
C. Court only
D. NGO only
Answer: A
17. Which case established Absolute Liability Principle ?
A. Rylands v. Fletcher
B. M.C. Mehta v. Union of India
C. Subhash Kumar case
D. Rural Litigation case
Answer: B
Absolute liability (no exceptions).
18 . The Principle of Pollutor pays was recognised in which environmental PIL
A. Subhash Kumar v. State of Bihar
B. Donoghue v. Stevenson
C. Kesavananda Bharati
D. Minerva Mills
Answer: A
19. Right to Clean environment was recognized in:
A. Vellore Citizens case
B. Maneka Gandhi case
C. Golaknath case
D. ADM Jabalpur
Answer: A
20 Bhopal Gas Tragedy led to Led to:
A. Forest Act
B. Water Act
C. Environment Protection Act
D. Wildlife Act
Answer: C
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